Summary: In aquaponics, the use of substrate allows the colonization of nitrifying bacteria and may act as a biofilter. The diameter of substrate particles can be decisive in the colonization of substrate by bacteria and can affect the development and yield of plants. Thus, in this research, we raised the hypothesis that the particle diameter of tezontle affects the development and yield of plants, as well as the bacterial colonization of substrate. The experiment consisted of 12 fish ponds of 120 L,12 tubs of 240 L for the substrate and a pump as auxiliary oxygenation for the fish ponds. Three crops were established in each tub: tomato, cucumber, and lettuce. The crops seedlings were transplanted into three tezontle granulometries: <1 cm, >5 cm and a 50:50 mix of both sizes with three replications per treatment. An analysis of variance and a Tukey's test were performed. There was no effect of substrate particle diameter on the height, stem diameter and SPAD readings in tomato, cucumber, and lettuce plants. In addition, the particle diameter of the substrate did not affect the yield, firmness, titratable acidity, or Brix degrees in the tomato fruits. Furthermore, there was no effect on the yield and quality of cucumber fruits. In contrast, for lettuce, the fresh weight of the substrate consisting of particles <1 cm in diameter was 55% higher than that of particles >5 cm in diameter (89.87 and 50.12 g per plant, respectively). The particle diameter does not affect the yield or quality of the established crops, however, in practical terms, the tezontle particles <1 cm in diameter are recommended due to their greater moisture retention capacity and higher surface area for bacteria colonization.

Resumen: En la acuaponía el uso de sustrato permite la colonización de bacterias nitrificantes y actúa como biofiltro. El diámetro de partículas del sustrato puede ser determinante en la colonización del sustrato por las bacterias y puede afectar el desarrollo y rendimiento de las plantas; razón por la que en esta investigación se planteó la hipótesis de que tamaño de partícula del tezontle afecta la colonización de bacterias y el desarrollo y crecimiento de las plantas. El experimento consistió de recipientes de 120 L como estanques para los peces, y de 12 tinas de 240 L para el sustrato y una bomba para oxigenación auxiliar a los estanques de los peces. Se establecieron 3 cultivos en cada tina: tomate, pepino y lechuga. Estos cultivos fueron trasplantados en 3 granulometrías de tezontle: diámetro menor a 1 cm, mayor a 5 cm y mezcla 50:50% de ambos tamaños con tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Se realizó un análisis de la varianza y prueba de Tukey. No hubo efecto del diámetro de partícula del sustrato en la altura, diámetro de tallo y lecturas SPAD en las plantas de tomate, pepino y lechuga. El diámetro de partícula del sustrato no afectó el rendimiento ni firmeza, acidez titulable y grados Brix en los frutos de tomate. Tampoco hubo efecto sobre rendimiento y de calidad de frutos de pepino. En lechuga el peso fresco correspondiente al sustrato con partículas menores a 1 cm fue 55% mayor al de partículas mayores a 5 cm: 89.87 y 50.12 g por planta, respectivamente. El diámetro de partícula no afecta el rendimiento ni la calidad de los cultivos establecidos, sin embargo, en términos prácticos el tezontle fino menor a un cm es recomendable porque tiene mayor capacidad retención de humedad y mayor superficie para que las bacterias colonicen el medio.

Abstract. La Rumorosa region, located in northwestern Mexico, is characterized by intense local wind speeds, which led to the installation of wind farms. In this area, the contribution of wind power from the Santa Ana winds (SAWs), which are part of the regional wind regime, is unknown. In addition, the valley-mountain winds, cold fronts, extratropical storms, and other meteorological phenomena contribute to the totality of wind power production. For this reason, this study focused on classifying SAW events over a period of 10 years (2005-2014) considering the following categories: “weak,” “moderate,” and “strong.” The criteria for the analysis were associated with the average wind velocity magnitude, the dimensionless pressure gradient, and the normalization of pressure values, gust magnitude, and average wind velocity magnitude. The proposed classification provides information on the behavior of SAW in the area and, by extension, their contribution to wind power generation in La Rumorosa.

Resumen. La región de La Rumorosa, localizada en el noroeste de México, se caracteriza por sus fuertes velocidades en la magnitud del viento a nivel local, lo que ha originado la instalación de parques eólicos. En esta zona, no se conoce de forma precisa la contribución de energía eléctrica eólica de los vientos de Santa Ana (VSA), que son parte del régimen de viento regional. Además los vientos de valle-montaña, los frentes fríos, las tormentas extratropicales y otros fenómenos meteorológicos, en conjunto, contribuyen a la totalidad de energía eléctrica generada. Por ello, este estudio se centra en clasificar, por un periodo temporal de 10 años (2005-2014), los eventos de VSA considerando las categorías: “débil”, “moderado” y “fuerte”. En el análisis se aplicaron criterios asociados a los parámetros de la magnitud de la velocidad promedio del viento, el gradiente de presión adimensional y la normalización de valores de presión, magnitud de la velocidad de ráfaga y magnitud de la velocidad promedio del viento. La clasificación propuesta proporciona información sobre el comportamiento de los VSA en la zona y, por ende, su contribución en la generación de energía eólica en La Rumorosa.

RESUMEN Las poblaciones silvestres de plantas endémicas presentes en los ecosistemas del noroeste de México muestran variabilidad entre las de la misma especie. El torote prieto (Bursera laxiflora) es una planta con usos medicinales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la existencia de ejemplares de torote prieto y realizar mediciones dasométricas en dos sitios silvestres. Los resultados obtenidos de acuerdo a la población de torote prieto en cada sitio arrojaron para el S1 la presencia de 74 plantas ha-1, mientras que en el S2 fueron 58 plantas ha-1, con una diferencia del 21,32%. Dichas poblaciones muestran que en el S1 se observa un ejemplar cada 135,13 m2 y en el S2 una planta cada 172,41 m2. Las mediciones dasométricas evaluadas no presentaron diferencias significativas (P > 0,05). En relación con la altura, en el S1 se observó un promedio de 2,52 metros, mientras que en el S2 las plantas alcanzaron 2,25 metros. En la cobertura aérea el promedio para S1 fue de 4,54 m2, mientras que en el S2 de 3,64 m2. Con respecto al promedio de la cobertura basal, las plantas evaluadas para el S1 presentaron 283,45 cm2 y en el S2 190,24 cm2. Los resultados obtenidos en esta evaluación demostraron que las plantas tienen el mismo comportamiento en su altura, cobertura aérea y basal. Por lo tanto, las plantas son similares en su estructura fenotípica en ambos sitios.

ABSTRACT The wild populations of endemic plants present in the ecosystems of northwestern Mexico show variability between populations of the same species. The black torote (Bursera laxiflora) is a plant with medicinal uses. The objective of this work was to evaluate the existence of black bull specimens as well as dasometric measurements in two wild sites. The results obtained according to the population of black torote in each site, for S1, there were 74 plants ha- 1 while in S2 there were 58 plants ha- 1 , showing an increase of 21.32% in S1, these populations show that in S1 there is one specimen in every 135.13 m 2 and in S2 a plant is located in every 172.41 m2. The evaluated dasometric measurements did not show significant differences (P> 0.05), in relation to height, in S1 an average of 2.52 meters was presented, in S2 the plants presented 2.25 meters. The average aerial coverage for S1 was 4.54 m2, while for S2 the average was 3.64 m2. Regarding the average basal coverage, the plants evaluated for S1 showed 283.45 cm 2 and S2 was 190.24 cm 2 . The results obtained in this evaluation show that the plants have the same bghavior in their height, aerial and basal coverage, therefore the plants are similar in their phenotypic structure in both sites.

Abstract Human mobility has become an extremely complex phenomenon in Mexico, especially the undocumented transit of people from Central American countries to the United States, due to changes in patterns, dynamics of flows and the response of the State. The objective of this article is to describe the main state policies of border and migration control in Mexico that have been consolidated in the last ten years. With a highly restrictive component, these policies have been based on securitization, displacing the relevance of human security. A critical analysis of the influences of the national security paradigm over the representation of migration as a threat in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is presented. It is concluded that the pandemic allowed to justify the state’s indifference to people in an irregular situation in the country, but also to continue implementing immigration containment measures.

Resumo O fenômeno da mobilidade humana no México, especialmente o relacionado ao trânsito indocumentado de pessoas de origem centro-amaricana aos Estados Unidos tornou-se extremamente complexo devido ás mudanças nos padrões, na dinâmicas dos fluxos e na resposta do Estado. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever de forma geral as principais políticas estatais de controlo fronteiriço e imigracao no México que se consolidaram nos últimos dez anos com um componente altamente restritivo, que se basearam na securitização, deslocando a relevância da segurança humana. Mais do que um estudo conceitual ou teórico sobre migração, este texto pretende ser uma análise contextual e crítica de como o paradigma de segurança nacional influencia de maneira sobre a representação da migração como forma de ameaça no contexto de uma pandemia de COVID-19. Por último, concluímos que a pandemia se traduziu no pretexto perfeito para justificar a indiferença estatal face às pessoas em situação irregular no país, mas também para continuar a implementar medidas de contenção migratória.

Resumen La movilidad humana en México, y especialmente el tránsito indocumentado de personas de origen centroamericano rumbo a Estados Unidos, se ha vuelto un fenómeno complejo, por los cambios en los patrones, las dinámicas de los flujos y la respuesta del Estado. El objetivo de este artículo es describir las principales políticas estatales de control fronterizo y migratorio que se han consolidado en México en los últimos diez años. Con un componente muy restrictivo, estas tienen como fundamento a la securitización, que desplaza a la seguridad humana. Se presenta un análisis crítico de la influencia del paradigma de seguridad nacional sobre la representación de la migración como amenaza en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se concluye que la pandemia permitió justificar la indiferencia estatal frente a las personas en situación irregular en el país, y continuar implementando medidas de contención migratoria.

Resumen gracias a la teoría de los juegos tenemos una mejor comprensión del comportamiento humano en la economía. Sin embargo, como esta teoría excluye el aspecto psicológico de la conducta, una revisión del supuesto de racionalidad completa la información perdida en algunos juegos. Como consecuencia, han surgido algunos enfoques que incluyen aspectos conductuales y psicológicos en los juegos. Esto ha generado una gran cantidad de literatura distribuida en líneas de investigación aparentemente independientes, hecho que puede generar confusión. Para aclarar si la teoría de juegos conductual y psicológica son enfoques independientes, se realizó una revisión sistemática utilizando las directrices PRISMA para identificar todos los estudios empíricos publicados bajo ambas denominaciones. Se recogieron trabajos que (1) tuvieran variables psicológicas, (2) estuvieran revisados por pares y (3) tuvieran algún diseño experimental. De los 492 trabajos buscados, 67 se incluyeron en esta revisión sistemática. Se organizarwon y estudiaron para determinar qué tipo de variables psicológicas incluían y si realmente existen dos enfoques diferentes o no. El término más utilizado es la teoría del juego conductual, en la que se utilizan ampliamente variables como la culpa, la confianza, la motivación y la reciprocidad. La principal conclusión es que los dos enfoques son realmente el mismo y son los seguidores de los principales autores de cada corriente los que publican bajo uno u otro nombre.

Abstract thanks to the game theory we have a better understanding of human behavior in the economy. However, since this theory excludes the psychological aspect from conduct, a revision of the rationality assumption completes the missed information in some games. As a consequence, some approaches have emerged including behavioral and psychological aspects in games. This has generated a large amount of literature distributed in apparently independent lines of research, a fact that could generate confusion. To clarify whether behavioral game theory and psychological game theory are independent approaches, a systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines to identify all empirical studies published under both names. Papers that (1) had psychological variables, (2) were peer-reviewed, and (3) had any experimental design were collected. From 492 papers searched, 67 were included in this systematic review. They were organized and studied to determine what type of psychological variables they included and whether there are really two different approaches. The most common term used is behavioral game theory in which variables like guilt, trust, motivation, and reciprocity are widely used. The main conclusion is that the two approaches are really the same and it is the followers of the main authors of each current who publish under one or the other name.

Abstract In recent years, the concept of sustainable development (SD) has been strengthened, since its first description adopted by the Bruntland Commission in 1987; Recently, the 195 Members of the United Nations (UN) approved a document entitled “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda, for Sustainable Development (ODS)”, which will be in force during the years 2015 to 2030. Economic, social and environmental growth and development are impacted by various economic activities such as mining, and these not only locally, they transcend borders, clearly these impacts can be used to create new infrastructures, new technologies and opportunities in relationship with the workforce, highlighting that this industry has the opportunity and the necessary potential to contribute positively to the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), in the new 2030 agenda; The objective of this article is to describe and analyze the impact of the 17 SDGs, from the “Economic Development” section or section, specifically SDG 8, 9 and 12, in gold mining in the state of Sonora, with emphasis on the region of Caborca, Sonora, Mexico, in the period from 2008 to 2018.

Resumen En los últimos años, el concepto de desarrollo sostenible (DS), se ha fortalecido, desde su primera descripción adoptada por la Comisión Bruntland en el año 1987; recientemente los 195 Miembros de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU), aprobaron un documento titulado “Transformar Nuestro Mundo: La Agenda 2030, para el Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS)”, los cuales estarán vigentes durante los años del 2015 al 2030. El crecimiento y desarrollo económico, social y ambiental, se ven impactados por varias actividades económicas como lo es la minería, y estos no solo en lo local, estos trascienden fronteras, claramente dichos impactos pueden aprovecharse para crear nuevas infraestructuras, nuevas tecnologías y oportunidades en relación con la fuerza de trabajo, destacando que esta industria tiene la oportunidad y el potencial necesario para contribuir positivamente en el logro de los 17 Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), en la nueva agenda 2030; el objetivo de este artículo se centran en describir y analizar el impacto de los 17 ODS, desde el apartado o sección “Desarrollo Económico”, específicamente los ODS 8, 9 y 12, en la minería de oro del estado de Sonora, con énfasis en la región de Caborca, Sonora, México, en el período de 2008 al 2018.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the brachyuran crab assemblages associated with shrimp fishing on the central-southern coast of Veracruz. Information was collected using 46 trawls organized within nine fishing quadrants. The total catch shrimp, bycatch, and discard were recorded and standardized (CPUE kg h−1). Value index by species, species richness, diversity using Shannon and Weaver index, and equitability were determined. A total of 3055 individuals were collected, which corresponded to nine families, 13 genera, and 14 species. Achelous spinicarpus species were identified at the greatest relative abundance (77.74%). Four new species records for the zone: Hepatus pudibundus, Iliacantha liodactylus, Leiolambrus punctatissimus, and Platylambrus granulatus. Species richness varied according to fishing quadrant and depth interval assessed. The highest value of species richness was eight, and observed Margalef species richness index values ranged from 0 to 2.23. The diversity values ranged from 0 to 2.41 bits ind−1; this may indicate that a few species share the greatest impact of trawling. The presence of lagoon systems was determined to define a portion of the composition of the assemblage. Understanding assemblage structure is important to improve knowledge on the impact of shrimp trawling activity on the ecosystem.

ABSTRACT Damage to the intra-articular soft tissues of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) during a condylar fracture has traditionally been neglected and poorly studied. Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that can be combined with the open approach for condylar fractures, in order to diagnose intra-articular damage and treat it if necessary. After conducting a literature review, only 4 articles have been published on arthroscopic findings and they reveal a pathology greater than expected which, if not resolved, can lead to significant long-term sequelae. A clinical case of a displaced right subcondylar fracture is presented in which an arthroscopy of the TMJ is combined with an open approach and reduction of the fracture in the same act. The most common arthroscopic findings are hemarthrosis, clots, disc displacement, hyperplastic synovitis, fibrocartilage damage, and disc perforations. The present review concludes that it is necessary to evaluate and diagnose intra-articular damage in mandibular condylar fractures and that arthroscopy is an adequate method that also allows treating associated joint pathology.

RESUMEN Los daños a los tejidos blandos intrarticulares de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) durante una fractura condilar han sido tradicionalmente relegados y escasamente estudiados. La artroscopia es un procedimiento quirúrgico mínimamente invasivo que puede combinarse con el abordaje abierto de las fracturas condilares con el fin de diagnosticar los daños intrarticulares y tratarlos si se precisa. Tras realizar una revisión bibliográfica, tan solo se han publicado 4 artículos sobre los hallazgos artroscópicos en estos casos y revelan una patología mayor de la esperada, que si no se soluciona puede llevar a secuelas importantes a largo plazo. Se presenta un caso clínico de una fractura subcondilar derecha desplazada en el que se combina una artroscopia de la ATM con un abordaje abierto y reducción de la fractura en el mismo acto. Los hallazgos artroscópicos más comunes son la hemartrosis, los coágulos, el desplazamiento discal, la sinovitis hiperplásica, los daños sobre el fibrocartílago y las perforaciones discales. La presente revisión concluye que es necesario evaluar y diagnosticar los daños intrarticulares en fracturas condilares mandibulares y que la artroscopia es un método adecuado que permite además tratar la patología articular asociada.

ABSTRACT This short-term study evaluated the effect of non-lethal high CO2 concentration on the transcriptional response of immune-related genes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Two experimental groups were created: high CO2 (47.67±2.04 mg L−1) and low CO2 (2.0±1.93 mg L−1). Shrimp of 8.85±1.20 g were placed randomly at a density equivalent to 100 individuals m−3 and were monitored at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. The transcriptional response of immune-related genes was analyzed by qPCR. Gene expression of hemocyanin, prophenoloxidase, and heat shock protein 60 was downregulated at 24 h, suggesting affectations on oxygen transportation, melanization, and protein functioning of L. vannamei under high CO2 concentrations. Also, gene up-regulation of lipopolysaccharide- and β-glucan-binding protein and cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase can impair the bacterial recognition and antioxidant defense of shrimp exposed to high CO2 concentrations. These results suggest that concentration at about 47 mg L−1 of CO2 can significantly influence the transcriptional response modulation of immune-related genes.

Abstract We evaluated the composition, distribution, and abundance of the decapod genera at different developmental stages of larvae and adult macro-crustaceans along the coastline of the Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano, SW Gulf of Mexico. Collections were made using light traps. Temperature, salinity, oxygen, and pH were measured in situ. The samples were fixed with 70 % alcohol, separated, and identified by developmental stage and genus level with specialized literature. The Olmstead-Tukey test, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and Pielou equitability test were applied. Canonical correlation and cluster analysis were performed. In total, 20,049 individuals of 56 stage-genera were collected, with Potimirim Holthuis, 1954 postlarvae being the most abundant ones. The most abundant taxa were Potimirim at Playa Martí, Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868 at Plaza de la Soberanía, and Pachygrapsus Randall, 1840 at Playa Villa del Mar and Playa Tortugas. At Playa Villa del Mar, the highest diversity was found (3.47 bits*individuals-1), and this is related to the complexity of the site. In May, the greatest diversity (3.64 bits*individuals-1) was found, related to the time of reproduction of most of the stage-genera. Most stage-genera were classified as rare. Cluster analysis resulted in two groups, one containing taxa found in cold and wet months and the other of taxa found in dry months. Thus, the dynamics of the taxocene structure is determined by the lifecycles of the species, responding to the migration, reproduction, and colonization of each stage-genera.

ABSTRACT Background: The Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano (PNSAV) is in the southern Gulf of Mexico and supports an important shrimp fishery based on three species of Dendrobranchiata: the brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus, the white shrimp, P. setiferus and the pink shrimp, P. duorarum. Objective: Analyze the distribution and abundance of P. aztecus during the mysis stage and determine its relationship with environmental factors in the PNSAV. Methods: We measured temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen in situ. The planktonic samples from four transects were collected during cold fronts and rainy weather conditions from 2011 to 2013. Results: In rainy conditions the temperature varied from 27.49 ± 0.46 to 29.98 ± 0.02°C, salinity from 32.18 ± 0.06 to 35.40 ± 0.52, and dissolved oxygen from 3.64 ± 0.13 to 6.18 ± 0.64 mgL-1; during cold fronts the temperature varied from 23.21 ± 0.05 to 25.74 ± 0.37 °C, salinity from 34.59 ± 0.39 to 35.84 ± 0.17, and dissolved oxygen from 4.04 ± 0.06 to 6.02 ± mgL-1. The highest average density with 6,938 ± 326 mysis 100 m−3, was found during rainy season in 2011 in the southern transect nearshore, followed by 3,321 ± 339 mysis 100 m−3 in the offshoresouth-central transect during cold fronts weather conditions in 2013, and 3,056 ± 236 mysis 100 m−3 in the south-central foreshore transect during cold fronts weather condition in 2011. Conclusions: The highest density of P. aztecus during mysis stage was recorded in southward foreshore area from PNSAV, during rainy conditions and related to large values of dissolved oxygen concentrations.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: El Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano (PNSAV) está ubicado en el sur del Golfo de México y soporta una importante pesquería de camarones basada en tres especies de Dendrobranchiata: el camarón café, Penaeus aztecus, el camarón blanco, P. setiferus y el camarón rosado, P duorarum. Objetivo: Analizar la distribución y abundancia de P. aztecus en estadio de mysis y determinar su relación con los factores ambientales en el PNSAV. Métodos: Se midió la temperatura, la salinidad y el oxígeno disuelto in situ. Se recolectaron muestras planctónicas de cuatro transectos durante frentes fríos y condiciones climáticas lluviosas de 2011 a 2013. Resultados: La temperatura varió de 27.49 ± 0.46 a 29.98 ± 0.02 °C, la salinidad de 32.18 ± 0.06 a 35.40 ± 0.52 y el oxígeno disuelto de 3.64 ± 0.13 a 6.18 ± 0.64 mgL-1 en época de lluvias. Durante los frentes fríos, la temperatura varió de 23.21 ± 0.05 a 25.74 ± 0.37 °C, la salinidad de 34.59 ± 0.39 a 35.84 ± 0.17 y el oxígeno disuelto de 4.04 ± 0.06 a 6.02 ± mgL-1. La densidad media más alta fue de 6,938 ± 326 mysis 100 m−3, que se encontró durante las lluvias en 2011 en el transecto sur, cercano a la costa, seguido por 3,321 ± 339 mysis 100 m−3 en el transecto centro-sur, costa afuera durante los frentes fríos en 2,013 y 3,056 ± 236 mysis 100 m−3 en el transecto centro-sur durante los frentes fríos en 2011, en la zona de la costa. Conclusiones: La mayor densidad de mysis de P. aztecus se registró en la zona de playa al sur del PNSAV, durante las condiciones de lluvia y se relacionó con el aumento de las concentraciones del oxígeno disuelto.

Abstract Objective. To evaluate differences between the detection of incidents or adverse events (I/AE) using a Trigger Tool (TT) and voluntary notification platform (SNEA). Methods. The study population is the working population attended on an outpatient basis in an Insurance Company ("mutua") from January to September 2016. The cases declared as Incident or Adverse Event (I / AE) were selected through the SNEA (21 cases), according to whether the event has not affected the patient or on the contrary has affected him. On the other hand, 20 clinical histories per month were randomly selected where the TT was applied (180 cases). The 201 clinical histories were reviewed looking for the existence of triggers. The agreement between the SNEA system and the TT was evaluated using proportion of positive agreement (I/EA), proportion of negative agreement (not I/EA) and Kappa index. Results. TT detected I/EA cases in 41.3% of the revisions while the SNEA was 10.3% (p <0.001). The Kappa index showed a low concordance value (Kappa = 0.12), which indicates the small coincidence of I/EA detected by both systems. The proportion of negative agreement was greater than that of positive agreement (74.5% versus 26.9%). The SNEA system detected less I/ EA and above all it deals with fewer incidents. On the contrary, the TT system detected a greater number of I EA and especially EA. Conclusions. Trigger Tool is a recommended tool for the detection of incidents or adverse events that can complement the one obtained through voluntary notification platform in the reality of a "mutua".

Resumen Objetivo. Evaluar diferencias entre la detección de incidentes o eventos adversos (I/EA) en una mutua laboral, mediante una herramienta tipo Trigger Tool (TT) y una plataforma de notificación voluntaria (SNEA). Métodos. La población de estudio es la población trabajadora atendida ambulatoriamente en una mutua laboral de Enero a Septiembre del 2016. Se seleccionaron los casos declarados como I/EA según si el evento no ha afectado al paciente o por el contrario le ha afectado, a través del SNEA (n=21 casos). Por otro lado, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 20 historias clínicas por mes donde se aplicó la herramienta TT (180 casos). Se adaptaron 11 triggers para detectar I/EA. Se revisaron las 201 historias clínicas buscando la existencia de triggers. Se obtuvo la concordancia entre el sistema SNEA y el TT utilizando la proporción de concordancia positiva (I/EA), proporción de concordancia negativa (no I/EA) e índice Kappa. Resultados. TT detectó casos de I/EA en el 41,3% de las revisiones mientras que el SNEA 10,3% (p<0,001). El índice Kappa ofreció un valor de concordancia baja (Kappa=0,12) lo que denota la pequeña coincidencia de sucesos adversos detectados por ambos sistemas. La proporción de concordancia negativa fue mayor que la de concordancia positiva (74,5% frente a un 26,9%). El sistema SNEA detectó menos I/EA y sobretodo se trata de menos incidentes. Por el contrario, el sistema TT detectó mayor número de I/EA y especialmente EA. Conclusiones. Trigger Tool es una herramienta recomendable para la detección de incidentes o eventos adversos que puede complementar la obtenida mediante una plataforma de notificación voluntaria en la realidad de una Mutua laboral.

ABSTRACT The present study was focused on assessing the effect of diets formulated with different sources and levels of protein on the production response of white leg shrimp Penaeus vannamei farmed at low salinity (3 g L-1). The protein sources were: soy meal (SM) and fish meal (FM), included at three levels: low (22-25%), medium (32-35%), and high (41-45%). A bioassay of 49 days was done in experimental tanks of 100 L (three tanks per treatment). Juvenile P. vannamei having a mean weight of 1.41 ± 0.30 g were stocked at a density of 100 ind m-3. Shrimp fed diets formulated with FM recorded significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and protein assimilation efficiency rate (PER). Additionally, it showed a higher concentration of essential amino acids like methionine and threonine, and higher ash, calcium, iodine, phosphorous, and sodium content, which could favor the growth and survival of shrimp. Regression analysis showed that the optimum protein levels for diets formulated with SM and FM were 34.8 and 29.3%, respectively. These findings may help shrimp farmers to implement better feeding strategies for P. vannamei farmed at low salinity and on the use of alternative ingredients to substitute fish meal in the formulated feed.